{"id":1566,"date":"2026-10-05T21:40:40","date_gmt":"2026-10-05T13:40:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.gxcom.net\/"},"modified":"2026-10-05T21:43:00","modified_gmt":"2026-10-05T13:43:00","slug":"linux-%e6%9c%8d%e5%8a%a1%e5%99%a8%e8%ae%be%e7%bd%ae%e6%8c%87%e5%8d%97","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.gxcom.net\/zh\/linux-%e6%9c%8d%e5%8a%a1%e5%99%a8%e8%ae%be%e7%bd%ae%e6%8c%87%e5%8d%97\/","title":{"rendered":"Linux \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8bbe\u7f6e\u6307\u5357\uff1a\u5b89\u5168\u3001SSH\u3001\u9632\u706b\u5899\u53ca\u57fa\u672c\u914d\u7f6e"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u4e00\u4efd\u65b0\u9c9c\u7684 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.gxcom.net\/zh\/vps\/linux-vps\/\">Linux \u670d\u52a1\u5668<\/a> \u867d\u7136\u53ef\u80fd\u51e0\u5206\u949f\u5185\u5c31\u80fd\u4e0a\u7ebf\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd9\u5e76\u4e0d\u610f\u5473\u7740\u5b83\u5df2\u7ecf\u51c6\u5907\u597d\u6295\u5165\u751f\u4ea7\u3002.<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u90e8\u7f72 WordPress\u3001\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u3001API\u3001Web \u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6216\u5176\u4ed6\u5de5\u4f5c\u8d1f\u8f7d\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u60a8\u5e94\u914d\u7f6e\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u3001\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u7528\u6237\u3001SSH \u8bbf\u95ee\u3001\u9632\u706b\u5899\u3001\u66f4\u65b0\u3001\u65f6\u95f4\u540c\u6b65\u3001\u65e5\u5fd7\u8bb0\u5f55\u3001\u5907\u4efd\u548c\u76d1\u63a7\u3002.<\/p>\n<p>\u4e00\u4e2a\u597d\u7684 <strong>Linux \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u914d\u7f6e<\/strong> \u65e2\u80fd\u51cf\u5c11\u4e0d\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u66b4\u9732\uff0c\u53c8\u80fd\u4e3a\u540e\u7eed\u5b89\u88c5\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5185\u5bb9\u5960\u5b9a\u7a33\u56fa\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u3002.<\/p>\n<p>\u672c\u6307\u5357\u5c06\u9010\u6b65\u4ecb\u7ecd\u9488\u5bf9\u65b0VPS\u3001\u4e91\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6216\u72ec\u7acb\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8fdb\u884cLinux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u914d\u7f6e\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u6b65\u9aa4\uff0c\u91cd\u70b9\u5173\u6ce8 <strong>\u5b89\u5168\u3001SSH \u548c\u9632\u706b\u5899\u914d\u7f6e<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Linux \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff1a<\/strong> \u66f4\u65b0 \u2192 \u7528\u6237 \u2192 SSH \u2192 \u9632\u706b\u5899 \u2192 \u65f6\u95f4 \u2192 \u670d\u52a1 \u2192 \u5b89\u5168 \u2192 \u5907\u4efd \u2192 \u76d1\u63a7\u3002.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-1567\" src=\"https:\/\/www.gxcom.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/linux-server-setup-guide.jpg\" alt=\"Linux \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8bbe\u7f6e\u6307\u5357\uff1a\u5b89\u5168\u3001SSH\u3001\u9632\u706b\u5899\u53ca\u57fa\u672c\u914d\u7f6e\" width=\"1000\" height=\"563\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.gxcom.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/linux-server-setup-guide.jpg 1000w, https:\/\/www.gxcom.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/linux-server-setup-guide-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.gxcom.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/linux-server-setup-guide-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.gxcom.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/linux-server-setup-guide-18x10.jpg 18w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/><\/p>\n<h2>\u5728\u65b0Linux\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\u5e94\u8be5\u8fdb\u884c\u54ea\u4e9b\u914d\u7f6e\uff1f<\/h2>\n<p>Linux \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u914d\u7f6e\u5e94\u6db5\u76d6\u4ee5\u4e0b\u51e0\u4e2a\u91cd\u8981\u65b9\u9762\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u66f4\u65b0<\/li>\n<li>\u4e3b\u673a\u540d\u548c\u65f6\u533a<\/li>\n<li>\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u7528\u6237<\/li>\n<li>SSH \u8eab\u4efd\u9a8c\u8bc1<\/li>\n<li>root\u6743\u9650<\/li>\n<li>\u9632\u706b\u5899\u89c4\u5219<\/li>\n<li>\u81ea\u52a8\u5b89\u5168\u66f4\u65b0<\/li>\n<li>\u4e0d\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u670d\u52a1<\/li>\n<li>\u66b4\u529b\u7834\u89e3\u9632\u62a4<\/li>\n<li>\u65e5\u5fd7<\/li>\n<li>\u5b58\u50a8\u4e0e\u5185\u5b58<\/li>\n<li>\u5907\u4efd<\/li>\n<li>\u76d1\u6d4b<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u5177\u4f53\u914d\u7f6e\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u3002.<\/p>\n<p>\u516c\u5171Web\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3001\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3001\u5f00\u53d1\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u548cDocker\u4e3b\u673a\u4e0d\u5e94\u81ea\u52a8\u91c7\u7528\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u9632\u706b\u5899\u89c4\u5219\u6216\u5b89\u88c5\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u3002.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u5148\u8003\u8651\u5de5\u4f5c\u8d1f\u8f7d \u2192 \u518d\u8003\u8651\u914d\u7f6e\u3002.<\/strong><\/p>\n<h2>Linux \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8bbe\u7f6e\u68c0\u67e5\u6e05\u5355<\/h2>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>\u914d\u7f6e<\/th>\n<th>\u76ee\u7684<\/th>\n<th>\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u7cfb\u7edf\u66f4\u65b0<\/td>\n<td>\u4fee\u590d\u5df2\u77e5\u7684\u6f0f\u6d1e\u548c\u9519\u8bef<\/td>\n<td>\u5173\u952e<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u7528\u6237<\/td>\n<td>\u51cf\u5c11\u65e5\u5e38root\u6743\u9650\u7684\u4f7f\u7528<\/td>\n<td>\u5173\u952e<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>SSH \u5bc6\u94a5<\/td>\n<td>\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u8fdc\u7a0b\u8eab\u4efd\u9a8c\u8bc1<\/td>\n<td>\u5173\u952e<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u9632\u706b\u5899<\/td>\n<td>\u9650\u5236\u516c\u5f00\u7684\u670d\u52a1<\/td>\n<td>\u5173\u952e<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u65f6\u95f4\u540c\u6b65<\/td>\n<td>\u51c6\u786e\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u8bb0\u5f55\u548c\u8eab\u4efd\u9a8c\u8bc1<\/td>\n<td>\u9ad8<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u5b89\u5168\u66f4\u65b0<\/td>\n<td>\u7ef4\u62a4\u8865\u4e01<\/td>\n<td>\u9ad8<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Fail2ban<\/td>\n<td>\u51cf\u5c11\u91cd\u590d\u767b\u5f55\u653b\u51fb<\/td>\n<td>\u53ef\u9009\/\u6709\u7528<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u5907\u4efd<\/td>\n<td>\u6062\u590d\u6570\u636e\u548c\u914d\u7f6e<\/td>\n<td>\u5173\u952e<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u76d1\u6d4b<\/td>\n<td>\u68c0\u6d4b\u6545\u969c\u548c\u8d44\u6e90\u95ee\u9898<\/td>\n<td>\u9ad8<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h2>1. \u8fde\u63a5\u5230 Linux \u670d\u52a1\u5668<\/h2>\n<p>\u5927\u591a\u6570 Linux \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u90fd\u662f\u901a\u8fc7 SSH \u8fdb\u884c\u8fdc\u7a0b\u7ba1\u7406\u7684\u3002.<\/p>\n<p>\u5728 Linux\u3001macOS \u6216\u914d\u5907 SSH \u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u7684\u73b0\u4ee3 Windows \u73af\u5883\u4e2d\uff0c\u57fa\u672c\u547d\u4ee4\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>ssh root@SERVER_IP<\/pre>\n<p>\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>ssh root@203.0.113.10<\/pre>\n<p>\u60a8\u7684\u4e3b\u673a\u63d0\u4f9b\u5546\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u4f7f\u7528\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u521d\u59cb\u7528\u6237\u540d\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>ubuntu\ndebian\nec2-user\ncloud-user<\/pre>\n<p>\u8bf7\u4f7f\u7528\u60a8\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u63d0\u4f9b\u5546\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u51ed\u636e\u3002.<\/p>\n<p>\u9996\u6b21\u8fde\u63a5\u65f6\uff0cSSH \u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u663e\u793a\u4e3b\u673a\u5bc6\u94a5\u7684\u6307\u7eb9\u3002.<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u8bf7\u5728\u63a5\u53d7\u8be5\u6307\u7eb9\u4e4b\u524d\u901a\u8fc7\u60a8\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u63d0\u4f9b\u5546\u5bf9\u5176\u8fdb\u884c\u9a8c\u8bc1\u3002.<\/p>\n<h2>2. \u66f4\u65b0 Linux \u670d\u52a1\u5668<\/h2>\n<p>\u4f60\u5e94\u8be5\u505a\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4ef6\u4e8b\u4e4b\u4e00\u5c31\u662f\u66f4\u65b0\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002.<\/p>\n<p>\u9002\u7528\u4e8e Ubuntu \u548c Debian\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>sudo apt update\nsudo apt upgrade -y<\/pre>\n<p>\u5728AlmaLinux\u6216Rocky Linux\u7b49\u53d1\u884c\u7248\u4e2d\uff0c\u5305\u7ba1\u7406\u547d\u4ee4\u6709\u6240\u4e0d\u540c\u3002.<\/p>\n<p>\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>sudo dnf update<\/pre>\n<p>\u8bf7\u52a1\u5fc5\u6309\u7167\u60a8\u6240\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u53d1\u884c\u7248\u548c\u7248\u672c\u7684\u6587\u6863\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002.<\/p>\n<p>\u65b0\u521b\u5efa\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u955c\u50cf\u4e2d\u53ef\u80fd\u4ecd\u5305\u542b\u6709\u53ef\u7528\u5b89\u5168\u66f4\u65b0\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u3002.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u5168\u65b0\u5b89\u88c5 \u2260 \u5df2\u5b89\u88c5\u6240\u6709\u8865\u4e01\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002.<\/strong><\/p>\n<h2>3. \u68c0\u67e5\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u662f\u5426\u9700\u8981\u91cd\u542f<\/h2>\n<p>\u67d0\u4e9b\u66f4\u65b0\u2014\u2014\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u5185\u6838\u6216\u4f4e\u7ea7\u7cfb\u7edf\u66f4\u65b0\u2014\u2014\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u91cd\u542f\u540e\uff0c\u65b0\u7ec4\u4ef6\u624d\u4f1a\u751f\u6548\u3002.<\/p>\n<p>\u5728 Ubuntu\/Debian \u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0a\uff0c\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u6709\u7528\u7684\u68c0\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>test -f \/var\/run\/reboot-required &amp;&amp; echo \"Reboot required\"<\/pre>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u9700\u8981\u91cd\u542f\uff0c\u4e14\u8fd9\u5bf9\u60a8\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u8d1f\u8f7d\u662f\u5b89\u5168\u7684\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>sudo reboot<\/pre>\n<p>\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u91cd\u542f\u671f\u95f4\uff0c\u60a8\u7684 SSH \u8fde\u63a5\u5c06\u88ab\u5173\u95ed\u3002.<\/p>\n<h2>4. \u914d\u7f6e Linux \u4e3b\u673a\u540d<\/h2>\n<p>\u660e\u786e\u7684\u4e3b\u673a\u540d\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u5728\u65e5\u5fd7\u3001\u76d1\u63a7\u7cfb\u7edf\u548c\u7ba1\u7406\u5de5\u5177\u4e2d\u66f4\u8f7b\u677e\u5730\u8bc6\u522b\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002.<\/p>\n<p>\u68c0\u67e5\u5f53\u524d\u7684\u4e3b\u673a\u540d\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>hostnamectl<\/pre>\n<p>\u8bbe\u7f6e\u65b0\u7684\u4e3b\u673a\u540d\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>sudo hostnamectl set-hostname web01.example.com<\/pre>\n<p>\u6709\u7528\u7684\u547d\u540d\u7ea6\u5b9a\u53ef\u80fd\u5305\u62ec\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>web01.example.com\nweb02.example.com\ndb01.example.com\napp01.example.com<\/pre>\n<p>\u968f\u7740\u57fa\u7840\u8bbe\u65bd\u89c4\u6a21\u7684\u6269\u5927\uff0c\u4fdd\u6301\u4e00\u81f4\u7684\u547d\u540d\u89c4\u8303\u53d8\u5f97\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u91cd\u8981\u3002.<\/p>\n<h2>5. \u914d\u7f6e\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u65f6\u533a<\/h2>\n<p>\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u65f6\u95f4\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4ee5\u4e0b\u65b9\u9762\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u65e5\u5fd7<\/li>\n<li>\u8eab\u4efd\u9a8c\u8bc1<\/li>\n<li>\u8ba1\u5212\u4efb\u52a1<\/li>\n<li>SSL\/TLS<\/li>\n<li>\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8bb0\u5f55<\/li>\n<li>\u5b89\u5168\u8c03\u67e5<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u68c0\u67e5\u5f53\u524d\u914d\u7f6e\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>timedatectl<\/pre>\n<p>\u8981\u4f7f\u7528\u534f\u8c03\u4e16\u754c\u65f6\uff08UTC\uff09\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>sudo timedatectl set-timezone UTC<\/pre>\n<p>\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5206\u5e03\u5728\u591a\u4e2a\u5730\u7406\u533a\u57df\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u800c\u8a00\uff0cUTC \u901a\u5e38\u975e\u5e38\u65b9\u4fbf\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u4e3a\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u7edf\u4e00\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u57fa\u51c6\u3002.<\/p>\n<h2>6. \u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u975eroot\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u7528\u6237<\/h2>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u6bcf\u9879\u4efb\u52a1\u90fd\u4f7f\u7528root\u8d26\u6237\uff0c\u5219\u4f1a\u52a0\u5267\u7ba1\u7406\u5931\u8bef\u5e26\u6765\u7684\u540e\u679c\u3002.<\/p>\n<p>\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u7528\u6237\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>adduser adminuser<\/pre>\n<p>\u5728 Ubuntu\/Debian \u4e0a\uff0c\u6388\u4e88 sudo \u6743\u9650\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>usermod -aG sudo adminuser<\/pre>\n<p>\u7136\u540e\u8fdb\u884c\u6d4b\u8bd5\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>su - adminuser<\/pre>\n<p>\u4ee5\u53ca\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>sudo whoami<\/pre>\n<p>\u7ed3\u679c\u5e94\u4e3a\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>root<\/pre>\n<p>\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u8be5\u8d26\u6237\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u2026\u2026\u6267\u884c\u7ba1\u7406\u4efb\u52a1 <code>sudo<\/code>.<\/p>\n<h2>7. \u914d\u7f6e SSH \u5bc6\u94a5\u8ba4\u8bc1<\/h2>\n<p>SSH \u5bc6\u94a5\u662f\u6784\u5efa\u5b89\u5168 Linux \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u65f6\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u7ec4\u6210\u90e8\u5206\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002.<\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u60a8\u672c\u5730\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u4e0a\u8fd8\u6ca1\u6709\u5408\u9002\u7684 SSH \u5bc6\u94a5\uff0c\u8bf7\u751f\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a Ed25519 \u5bc6\u94a5\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>ssh-keygen -t ed25519<\/pre>\n<p>\u8fd9\u901a\u5e38\u4f1a\u751f\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u79c1\u94a5\u548c\u4e00\u4e2a\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u516c\u94a5\u3002.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u79c1\u94a5\u5fc5\u987b\u4fdd\u5bc6\u3002.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u5207\u52ff\u5c06\u5176\u4e0a\u4f20\u5230\u516c\u5171\u4ee3\u7801\u5e93\u3001\u7c98\u8d34\u5230\u652f\u6301\u8bba\u575b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6216\u901a\u8fc7\u622a\u56fe\u5206\u4eab\u3002.<\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u60a8\u7684\u672c\u5730\u7cfb\u7edf\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86 <code>ssh-copy-id<\/code>, \uff0c\u590d\u5236\u516c\u94a5\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>ssh-copy-id adminuser@SERVER_IP<\/pre>\n<p>\u7136\u540e\u8fdb\u884c\u6d4b\u8bd5\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>ssh adminuser@SERVER_IP<\/pre>\n<p>\u8bf7\u5728\u4fdd\u6301\u5f53\u524d\u4f1a\u8bdd\u6253\u5f00\u7684\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u5728\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u7ec8\u7aef\u4e2d\u6267\u884c\u6b64\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u5728\u6d4b\u8bd5\u5b8c\u66ff\u4ee3\u65b9\u6848\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u5207\u52ff\u79fb\u9664\u5f53\u524d\u7684\u767b\u5f55\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002.<\/strong><\/p>\n<h2>8. \u4e86\u89e3 SSH \u6587\u4ef6\u6743\u9650<\/h2>\n<p>SSH \u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u6743\u9650\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e0d\u6b63\u786e\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u5bc6\u94a5\u8ba4\u8bc1\u65e0\u6cd5\u6b63\u5e38\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002.<\/p>\n<p>\u5178\u578b\u7684\u7528\u6237\u914d\u7f6e\u5305\u62ec\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>~\/.ssh\/\n~\/.ssh\/authorized_keys<\/pre>\n<p>\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u6743\u9650\u5305\u62ec\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>chmod 700 ~\/.ssh\nchmod 600 ~\/.ssh\/authorized_keys<\/pre>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6587\u4ef6\u8fd8\u5e94\u5f52\u5c5e\u4e8e\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u7528\u6237\u3002.<\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u5728\u590d\u5236\u6216\u7f16\u8f91\u6587\u4ef6\u540e SSH \u5bc6\u94a5\u7a81\u7136\u65e0\u6cd5\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u9996\u5148\u5e94\u68c0\u67e5\u7684\u4fbf\u662f\u6743\u9650\u548c\u6240\u6709\u6743\u3002.<\/p>\n<h2>9. \u52a0\u5f3a SSH \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027<\/h2>\n<p>OpenSSH \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u901a\u5e38\u4f4d\u4e8e\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>\/etc\/ssh\/sshd_config<\/pre>\n<p>\u73b0\u4ee3\u7cfb\u7edf\u8fd8\u53ef\u80fd\u4ece\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4f4d\u7f6e\u52a0\u8f7d\u914d\u7f6e\u7247\u6bb5\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>\/etc\/ssh\/sshd_config.d\/<\/pre>\n<p>\u6839\u636e\u60a8\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u8981\u6c42\uff0c\u8bbe\u7f6e\u53ef\u80fd\u5305\u62ec\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>PermitRootLogin no\nPubkeyAuthentication yes\nPasswordAuthentication no<\/pre>\n<p>\u4e0d\u8fc7\uff0c\u8bf7\u4e0d\u8981\u76f2\u76ee\u7981\u7528 root \u6743\u9650\u6216\u5bc6\u7801\u8ba4\u8bc1\u3002.<\/p>\n<p>\u9996\u5148\u8bf7\u786e\u8ba4\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u60a8\u7684\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u7528\u6237\u6b63\u5728\u5de5\u4f5c<\/li>\n<li>SSH\u5bc6\u94a5\u8ba4\u8bc1\u6b63\u5e38\u5de5\u4f5c<\/li>\n<li>Sudo \u6709\u6548<\/li>\n<li>\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bbf\u95ee\u8be5\u670d\u52a1\u63d0\u4f9b\u5546\u7684\u63a7\u5236\u53f0\u6216\u6062\u590d\u7cfb\u7edf<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u5728\u5e94\u7528\u66f4\u6539\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u8bf7\u9a8c\u8bc1 SSH \u914d\u7f6e\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>sudo sshd -t<\/pre>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u8be5\u547d\u4ee4\u62a5\u544a\u4e86\u9519\u8bef\uff0c\u8bf7\u5728\u91cd\u65b0\u52a0\u8f7d SSH \u4e4b\u524d\u5148\u4fee\u590d\u8be5\u9519\u8bef\u3002.<\/p>\n<h2>10. \u662f\u5426\u5e94\u8be5\u66f4\u6539 SSH \u7aef\u53e3\uff1f<\/h2>\n<p>\u8bb8\u591a Linux \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4f7f\u7528 TCP 22 \u7aef\u53e3\u6765\u8fd0\u884c SSH\u3002.<\/p>\n<p>\u66f4\u6539\u6b64\u8bbe\u7f6e\u53ef\u4ee5\u51cf\u5c11\u67d0\u4e9b\u81ea\u52a8\u626b\u63cf\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u566a\u97f3\uff0c\u4f46\u4e0d\u5e94\u5c06\u5176\u4e0e\u5f3a\u8ba4\u8bc1\u6216\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u63a7\u5236\u6df7\u4e3a\u4e00\u8c08\u3002.<\/p>\n<p>\u60a8\u7684\u4e3b\u8981 SSH \u9632\u62a4\u63aa\u65bd\u5e94\u5305\u62ec\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u5b89\u5168\u5bc6\u94a5<\/li>\n<li>\u9002\u5f53\u7684root\u767b\u5f55\u7b56\u7565<\/li>\n<li>\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u8d26\u6237\u5b89\u5168\u9632\u62a4<\/li>\n<li>\u9632\u706b\u5899\u89c4\u5219<\/li>\n<li>\u66f4\u65b0<\/li>\n<li>\u76d1\u6d4b<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>\u975e\u6807\u51c6\u7aef\u53e3 \u2260 \u5b89\u5168\u7684SSH\u3002.<\/strong><\/p>\n<h2>11. \u914d\u7f6e Linux \u9632\u706b\u5899<\/h2>\n<p>\u9632\u706b\u5899\u7528\u4e8e\u63a7\u5236\u54ea\u4e9b\u7f51\u7edc\u670d\u52a1\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u8bbf\u95ee\u3002.<\/p>\n<p>\u57fa\u672c\u539f\u7406\u5f88\u7b80\u5355\uff1a<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u63a5\u7eb3\u4f60\u9700\u8981\u7684\uff0c\u5c4f\u853d\u4f60\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u7684\u3002.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Ubuntu \u901a\u5e38\u4f7f\u7528 UFW \u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u79cd\u7b80\u4fbf\u7684\u9632\u706b\u5899\u7ba1\u7406\u754c\u9762\u3002.<\/p>\n<p>\u68c0\u67e5\u5176\u72b6\u6001\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>sudo ufw status<\/pre>\n<p>\u5728\u542f\u7528\u8be5\u529f\u80fd\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u8bf7\u5148\u5141\u8bb8 SSH\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>sudo ufw allow OpenSSH<\/pre>\n<p>\u5bf9\u4e8e\u516c\u5171 Web \u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>sudo ufw allow 80\/tcp\nsudo ufw allow 443\/tcp<\/pre>\n<p>\u7136\u540e\u542f\u7528\u5b83\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>sudo ufw enable<\/pre>\n<p>\u9a8c\u8bc1\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>sudo ufw status verbose<\/pre>\n<h2>12. Linux Web \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5e94\u8be5\u6253\u5f00\u54ea\u4e9b\u7aef\u53e3\uff1f<\/h2>\n<p>\u4e00\u53f0\u5178\u578b\u7684\u516c\u5171Web\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\uff1a<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>\u6e2f\u53e3<\/th>\n<th>\u670d\u52a1<\/th>\n<th>\u5178\u578b\u66dd\u5149<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>22<\/td>\n<td>SSH<\/td>\n<td>\u5728\u53ef\u884c\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u4e88\u4ee5\u9650\u5236<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>80<\/td>\n<td>HTTP<\/td>\n<td>\u516c\u5f00<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>443<\/td>\n<td>HTTPS<\/td>\n<td>\u516c\u5f00<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>3306<\/td>\n<td>MySQL\/MariaDB<\/td>\n<td>\u901a\u5e38\u4e3a\u79c1\u6709<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>5432<\/td>\n<td>PostgreSQL<\/td>\n<td>\u901a\u5e38\u4e3a\u79c1\u6709<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>6379<\/td>\n<td>Redis<\/td>\n<td>\u901a\u5e38\u4e3a\u79c1\u6709<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u9664\u975e\u60a8\u7684\u67b6\u6784\u660e\u786e\u8981\u6c42\u8fdc\u7a0b\u8bbf\u95ee\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u60a8\u5df2\u5b9e\u65bd\u4e86\u9002\u5f53\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u63a7\u5236\u63aa\u65bd\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u901a\u5e38\u4e0d\u5e94\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u548c\u7f13\u5b58\u670d\u52a1\u76f4\u63a5\u66b4\u9732\u5728\u516c\u5171\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u4e0a\u3002.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u5df2\u5b89\u88c5\u7684\u670d\u52a1 \u2260 \u516c\u5171\u670d\u52a1\u3002.<\/strong><\/p>\n<h2>13. \u4e86\u89e3\u670d\u52a1\u63d0\u4f9b\u5546\u9632\u706b\u5899\u4e0e\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u9632\u706b\u5899\u7684\u533a\u522b<\/h2>\n<p>\u9664\u4e86 Linux \u7cfb\u7edf\u5185\u90e8\u7684\u9632\u706b\u5899\u5916\uff0c\u4e91\u670d\u52a1\u548c VPS \u63d0\u4f9b\u5546\u8fd8\u53ef\u80fd\u63d0\u4f9b\u5916\u90e8\u9632\u706b\u5899\u3002.<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u5f62\u6210\u4e86\u4e24\u5c42\u5b89\u5168\u9632\u62a4\uff1a<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u4e92\u8054\u7f51 \u2192 \u670d\u52a1\u5546\u9632\u706b\u5899 \u2192 Linux \u9632\u706b\u5899 \u2192 \u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u4e24\u8005\u7ed3\u5408\u4f7f\u7528\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5f88\u6709\u7528\u3002.<\/p>\n<p>\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u670d\u52a1\u63d0\u4f9b\u5546\u7684\u9632\u706b\u5899\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5c06SSH\u8bbf\u95ee\u9650\u5236\u5728\u5df2\u77e5\u7684\u6e90\u5730\u5740\u8303\u56f4\u5185\uff0c\u800c\u672c\u5730\u9632\u706b\u5899\u5219\u8d1f\u8d23\u63a7\u5236\u670d\u52a1\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u3002.<\/p>\n<p>\u4f46\u8bf7\u8bb0\u4f4f\uff0c\u76f8\u4e92\u51b2\u7a81\u7684\u9632\u706b\u5899\u89c4\u5219\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u4f7f\u6545\u969c\u6392\u9664\u53d8\u5f97\u66f4\u52a0\u56f0\u96be\u3002.<\/p>\n<p>\u8bb0\u5f55\u54ea\u4e2a\u5c42\u63a7\u5236\u54ea\u79cd\u6d41\u91cf\u3002.<\/p>\n<h2>14. \u542f\u7528\u81ea\u52a8\u5b89\u5168\u66f4\u65b0<\/h2>\n<p>\u5b89\u5168\u8865\u4e01\u4e0d\u5e94\u5b8c\u5168\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u6709\u4eba\u8bb0\u5f97\u624b\u52a8\u767b\u5f55\u3002.<\/p>\n<p>Ubuntu\/Debian \u7cfb\u7edf\u53ef\u4ee5\u5bf9\u7b26\u5408\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u66f4\u65b0\u4f7f\u7528\u65e0\u4eba\u503c\u5b88\u5347\u7ea7\u3002.<\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u6709\u9700\u8981\uff0c\u8bf7\u5b89\u88c5\u8be5\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>sudo apt install unattended-upgrades -y<\/pre>\n<p>\u7136\u540e\u67e5\u770b\u9002\u5408\u60a8\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u3002.<\/p>\n<p>\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u5e76\u4e0d\u80fd\u6d88\u9664\u5bf9\u76d1\u63a7\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u3002.<\/p>\n<p>\u4e0d\u8fc7\uff0c\u4f60\u8fd8\u662f\u5e94\u8be5\u77e5\u9053\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u66f4\u65b0\u662f\u5426\u6210\u529f<\/li>\n<li>\u670d\u52a1\u662f\u5426\u9700\u8981\u91cd\u542f<\/li>\n<li>\u662f\u5426\u9700\u8981\u91cd\u542f<\/li>\n<li>\u67d0\u4e2a\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u662f\u5426\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u7279\u5b9a\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u7248\u672c<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>\u81ea\u52a8\u8865\u4e01\u66f4\u65b0 + \u76d1\u63a7 &gt; \u4ec5\u81ea\u52a8\u8865\u4e01\u66f4\u65b0\u3002.<\/strong><\/p>\n<h2>15. \u5982\u6709\u5fc5\u8981\uff0c\u5b89\u88c5 Fail2ban<\/h2>\n<p>\u516c\u5171 SSH \u670d\u52a1\u7ecf\u5e38\u4f1a\u906d\u9047\u53cd\u590d\u7684\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u767b\u5f55\u5c1d\u8bd5\u3002.<\/p>\n<p>Fail2ban \u53ef\u4ee5\u76d1\u63a7\u65e5\u5fd7\uff0c\u5e76\u6682\u65f6\u5c01\u7981\u90a3\u4e9b\u53cd\u590d\u89e6\u53d1\u5df2\u914d\u7f6e\u8ba4\u8bc1\u5931\u8d25\u7684 IP \u5730\u5740\u3002.<\/p>\n<p>\u5728 Ubuntu\/Debian \u4e0a\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>sudo apt install fail2ban -y<\/pre>\n<p>\u68c0\u67e5\u8be5\u670d\u52a1\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>sudo systemctl status fail2ban<\/pre>\n<p>\u8bf7\u4e0d\u8981\u5c06Fail2ban\u89c6\u4e3aSSH\u5bc6\u94a5\u6216\u9632\u706b\u5899\u7684\u66ff\u4ee3\u54c1\u3002.<\/p>\n<p>\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u6a21\u578b\u662f\uff1a<\/p>\n<p><strong>SSH\u5bc6\u94a5 + \u9632\u706b\u5899 + \u66f4\u65b0 + \u76d1\u63a7 + Fail2ban<\/strong><\/p>\n<h2>16. \u67e5\u770b\u6b63\u5728\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u670d\u52a1<\/h2>\n<p>\u6bcf\u4e2a\u9762\u5411\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u90fd\u4f1a\u589e\u52a0\u60a8\u5fc5\u987b\u7ef4\u62a4\u7684\u7ec4\u4ef6\u6570\u91cf\u3002.<\/p>\n<p>\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\u67e5\u770b\u76d1\u542c\u5957\u63a5\u5b57\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>sudo ss -tulpn<\/pre>\n<p>\u8fd9\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u786e\u5b9a\u54ea\u4e9b\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6b63\u5728\u76d1\u542c\u7f51\u7edc\u8fde\u63a5\u3002.<\/p>\n<p>\u8bf7\u95ee\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u6211\u8ba4\u8bc6\u8fd9\u9879\u670d\u52a1\u5417\uff1f<\/li>\n<li>\u5b83\u9700\u8981\u6b63\u5728\u8fd0\u884c\u5417\uff1f<\/li>\n<li>\u5b83\u9700\u8981\u76d1\u542c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u63a5\u53e3\u5417\uff1f<\/li>\n<li>\u5b83\u9700\u8981\u8fde\u63a5\u516c\u5171\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u5417\uff1f<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u4e0e\u5176\u8ba9\u4e0d\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u65e0\u9650\u671f\u8fd0\u884c\uff0c\u4e0d\u5982\u7981\u7528\u90a3\u4e9b\u4f60\u786e\u5b9e\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u3002.<\/p>\n<h2>17. \u4f7f\u7528 systemd \u7ba1\u7406\u670d\u52a1<\/h2>\n<p>\u8bb8\u591a\u73b0\u4ee3 Linux \u53d1\u884c\u7248\u90fd\u4f7f\u7528 systemd \u6765\u7ba1\u7406\u670d\u52a1\u3002.<\/p>\n<p>\u5e38\u7528\u547d\u4ee4\u5305\u62ec\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>systemctl status nginx\nsystemctl start nginx\nsystemctl stop nginx\nsystemctl restart nginx\nsystemctl reload nginx\nsystemctl enable nginx<\/pre>\n<p>\u4e86\u89e3\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4e24\u8005\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u533a\u522b\uff1a <code>\u91cd\u65b0\u542f\u52a8<\/code> \u4ee5\u53ca <code>\u91cd\u65b0\u52a0\u8f7d<\/code>.<\/p>\n<p>\u91cd\u65b0\u52a0\u8f7d\u53ef\u8ba9\u67d0\u4e9b\u670d\u52a1\u5728\u65e0\u9700\u5b8c\u5168\u91cd\u542f\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u5e94\u7528\u914d\u7f6e\u66f4\u6539\uff0c\u4f46\u5177\u4f53\u884c\u4e3a\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u8be5\u670d\u52a1\u3002.<\/p>\n<h2>18. \u4ec5\u5b89\u88c5\u60a8\u9700\u8981\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6<\/h2>\n<p>\u65b0\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5e76\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u6559\u7a0b\u4e2d\u63d0\u5230\u7684\u6240\u6709\u7ba1\u7406\u5de5\u5177\u3001Web \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3001\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u548c\u63a7\u5236\u9762\u677f\u3002.<\/p>\n<p>\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u5b9e\u7528\u5de5\u5177\u53ef\u80fd\u5305\u62ec\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>sudo apt install curl wget unzip git htop -y<\/pre>\n<p>\u4f46\u4e00\u822c\u539f\u5219\u5e94\u8be5\u662f\uff1a<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u7cbe\u7b80\u670d\u52a1\u5668 \u2192 \u66f4\u5c0f\u7684\u653b\u51fb\u9762 \u2192 \u66f4\u6613\u7ef4\u62a4\u3002.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u5b89\u88c5\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5e94\u57fa\u4e8e\u5de5\u4f5c\u8d1f\u8f7d\u7684\u9700\u6c42\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u53e6\u4e00\u53f0\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u78b0\u5de7\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u5b83\u3002.<\/p>\n<h2>19. \u68c0\u67e5\u78c1\u76d8\u4f7f\u7528\u60c5\u51b5<\/h2>\n<p>\u78c1\u76d8\u7a7a\u95f4\u8017\u5c3d\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u3001\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u548c\u7cfb\u7edf\u670d\u52a1\u51fa\u73b0\u6545\u969c\u3002.<\/p>\n<p>\u68c0\u67e5\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u4f7f\u7528\u60c5\u51b5\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>df -h<\/pre>\n<p>\u8981\u67e5\u770b\u76ee\u5f55\u5927\u5c0f\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>du -sh \/var\/* 2&gt;\/dev\/null<\/pre>\n<p>\u78c1\u76d8\u4f7f\u7528\u91cf\u4e0d\u65ad\u589e\u52a0\u7684\u5e38\u89c1\u539f\u56e0\u5305\u62ec\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u65e5\u5fd7<\/li>\n<li>\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u6587\u4ef6<\/li>\n<li>\u7f51\u7ad9\u4e0a\u4f20<\/li>\n<li>\u672c\u5730\u5907\u4efd<\/li>\n<li>\u5305\u7f13\u5b58<\/li>\n<li>Docker \u955c\u50cf<\/li>\n<li>\u4e34\u65f6\u6587\u4ef6<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u5728\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u5b8c\u5168\u586b\u6ee1\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u76d1\u63a7\u78c1\u76d8\u7a7a\u95f4\u7684\u589e\u957f\u60c5\u51b5\u3002.<\/p>\n<h2>20. \u68c0\u67e5 Linux \u5185\u5b58\u4f7f\u7528\u60c5\u51b5<\/h2>\n<p>\u7528\u9014\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>free -h<\/pre>\n<p>Linux \u4f1a\u523b\u610f\u5c06\u53ef\u7528\u5185\u5b58\u7528\u4e8e\u7f13\u5b58\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u521d\u5b66\u8005\u4e0d\u5e94\u8ba4\u4e3a\u6240\u6709\u201c\u5df2\u7528\u201d\u5185\u5b58\u90fd\u610f\u5473\u7740\u5b58\u5728\u95ee\u9898\u3002.<\/p>\n<p>\u8bc4\u4f30\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u53ef\u7528\u5185\u5b58<\/li>\n<li>\u4e92\u6362\u6d3b\u52a8<\/li>\n<li>\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u4f7f\u7528<\/li>\n<li>\u5185\u5b58\u4e0d\u8db3\u4e8b\u4ef6<\/li>\n<li>\u957f\u671f\u8d8b\u52bf<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>\u5df2\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u5185\u5b58 \u2260 \u88ab\u6d6a\u8d39\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u3002.<\/strong><\/p>\n<h2>21. \u662f\u5426\u5e94\u8be5\u914d\u7f6e\u4ea4\u6362\u5206\u533a\uff1f<\/h2>\n<p>\u5f53\u7269\u7406\u5185\u5b58\u4e0d\u8db3\u65f6\uff0c\u4ea4\u6362\u7a7a\u95f4\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u4f9b\u989d\u5916\u7684\u865a\u62df\u5185\u5b58\u3002.<\/p>\n<p>\u68c0\u67e5\u5f53\u524d\u4ea4\u6362\u7a7a\u95f4\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>swapon --show<\/pre>\n<p>\u4ee5\u53ca\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>free -h<\/pre>\n<p>\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5c0f\u578bVPS\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u5408\u7406\u914d\u7f6e\u4ea4\u6362\u7a7a\u95f4\u6216\u8bb8\u6709\u6240\u5e2e\u52a9\uff0c\u4f46\u4ea4\u6362\u7a7a\u95f4\u5e76\u4e0d\u80fd\u66ff\u4ee3\u5145\u8db3\u7684\u7269\u7406\u5185\u5b58\u3002.<\/p>\n<p>\u9891\u7e41\u7684\u4ea4\u6362\u64cd\u4f5c\u4f1a\u663e\u8457\u964d\u4f4e\u6027\u80fd\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5bf9\u5ef6\u8fdf\u654f\u611f\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u800c\u8a00\u3002.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u4ea4\u6362\u7a7a\u95f4 = \u5b89\u5168\u7f13\u51b2\u533a\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u53ef\u7528\u5185\u5b58\u3002.<\/strong><\/p>\n<h2>22. \u76d1\u63a7 CPU \u548c\u7cfb\u7edf\u8d1f\u8f7d<\/h2>\n<p>\u6709\u7528\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u5305\u62ec\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>top\nhtop\nuptime<\/pre>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4fe1\u606f\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u8bc6\u522b\u5360\u7528\u5927\u91cfCPU\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4ee5\u53ca\u7cfb\u7edf\u8d1f\u8f7d\u60c5\u51b5\u3002.<\/p>\n<p>\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u9ad8\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5e76\u4e0d\u603b\u662f\u610f\u5473\u7740CPU\u662f\u74f6\u9888\u3002.<\/p>\n<p>\u7b49\u5f85\u78c1\u76d8\u6216\u5176\u4ed6\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e5f\u4f1a\u589e\u52a0\u7cfb\u7edf\u8d1f\u8f7d\u3002.<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u5347\u7ea7\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u8bf7\u786e\u5b9a\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u9650\u5236\u56e0\u7d20\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\uff1a<\/p>\n<p><strong>CPU \u2192 \u5185\u5b58 \u2192 \u78c1\u76d8 I\/O \u2192 \u6570\u636e\u5e93 \u2192 \u7f51\u7edc \u2192 \u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5df2\u7ecf\u611f\u89c9\u8fd0\u884c\u7f13\u6162\uff0c\u8bf7\u91c7\u7528\u8fd9\u79cd\u8bca\u65ad\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u7acb\u5373\u8d2d\u4e70\u66f4\u591a\u8d44\u6e90\u3002.<\/p>\n<h2>23. \u914d\u7f6e\u65e5\u5fd7\u7ba1\u7406<\/h2>\n<p>\u65e5\u5fd7\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8bca\u65ad\u5b89\u5168\u4e8b\u4ef6\u548c\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6545\u969c\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u3002.<\/p>\n<p>\u6839\u636e Linux \u53d1\u884c\u7248\u548c\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5806\u6808\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0b\u65b9\u5f0f\u67e5\u770b\u65e5\u5fd7\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>\/var\/log\/<\/pre>\n<p>\u4ee5\u53ca systemd \u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>journalctl<\/pre>\n<p>\u6709\u7528\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\u5305\u62ec\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>journalctl -p err\njournalctl -u ssh\njournalctl -u nginx<\/pre>\n<p>\u670d\u52a1\u540d\u79f0\u56e0\u53d1\u884c\u7248\u800c\u5f02\u3002.<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd8\u5e94\u5b9a\u671f\u8f6e\u6362\u65e5\u5fd7\uff0c\u4ee5\u514d\u5176\u5360\u7528\u6574\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002.<\/p>\n<h2>24. \u68c0\u67e5\u5931\u8d25\u7684 SSH \u767b\u5f55\u5c1d\u8bd5<\/h2>\n<p>\u8eab\u4efd\u9a8c\u8bc1\u65e5\u5fd7\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u8bc6\u522b\u91cd\u590d\u7684SSH\u767b\u5f55\u5931\u8d25\u5c1d\u8bd5\u3002.<\/p>\n<p>\u5728 Ubuntu\/Debian \u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u8eab\u4efd\u9a8c\u8bc1\u4fe1\u606f\u901a\u5e38\u4f4d\u4e8e\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>\/var\/log\/auth.log<\/pre>\n<p>\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>sudo grep \"\u5bc6\u7801\u9519\u8bef\" \/var\/log\/auth.log<\/pre>\n<p>\u5728\u5176\u4ed6\u53d1\u884c\u7248\u4e2d\uff0c\u8eab\u4efd\u9a8c\u8bc1\u65e5\u5fd7\u53ef\u80fd\u4f7f\u7528\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u7cfb\u7edf\u65e5\u5fd7\u3002.<\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u516c\u5171\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6536\u5230\u81ea\u52a8\u767b\u5f55\u5c1d\u8bd5\uff0c\u8bf7\u4e0d\u8981\u611f\u5230\u60ca\u8bb6\u3002.<\/p>\n<p>\u516c\u5171IP\u5730\u5740\u7ecf\u5e38\u88ab\u626b\u63cf\u3002.<\/p>\n<h2>25. \u6b63\u786e\u914d\u7f6e DNS<\/h2>\n<p>\u5982\u679c Linux \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5c06\u6258\u7ba1\u7f51\u7ad9\u6216\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u8bf7\u52a1\u5fc5\u5728\u786e\u5b9a\u54ea\u4e9b\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5730\u5740\u5e94\u63a5\u6536\u6d41\u91cf\u540e\u518d\u914d\u7f6e DNS\u3002.<\/p>\n<p>\u5178\u578b\u7684\u8bb0\u5f55\u5305\u62ec\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>example.com A IPv4_ADDRESS\nwww.example.com  A IPv4_ADDRESS<\/pre>\n<p>\u5bf9\u4e8e IPv6\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>example.com AAAA    IPv6_ADDRESS<\/pre>\n<p>\u9664\u975e\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5df2\u5b9e\u9645\u914d\u7f6e\u4e3a\u80fd\u591f\u6b63\u786e\u5904\u7406 IPv6 \u6d41\u91cf\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u8bf7\u52ff\u53d1\u5e03 AAAA \u8bb0\u5f55\u3002.<\/p>\n<p>\u8fc7\u65f6\u7684 IPv6 \u8bb0\u5f55\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u4ee4\u4eba\u56f0\u60d1\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5373\u7f51\u7ad9\u5bf9\u90e8\u5206\u8bbf\u95ee\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u6b63\u5e38\u8bbf\u95ee\uff0c\u800c\u5bf9\u5176\u4ed6\u8bbf\u95ee\u8005\u5219\u65e0\u6cd5\u8bbf\u95ee\u3002.<\/p>\n<h2>26. \u4e3a\u516c\u5171\u7f51\u7ad9\u914d\u7f6e HTTPS<\/h2>\n<p>\u5982\u679c Linux \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6258\u7ba1\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u516c\u5171\u7f51\u7ad9\uff0c\u8bf7\u5728\u786e\u8ba4 DNS \u548c Web \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5747\u8fd0\u884c\u6b63\u5e38\u540e\uff0c\u542f\u7528 HTTPS\u3002.<\/p>\n<p>\u8bf7\u4f7f\u7528\u53d7\u516c\u4f17\u4fe1\u4efb\u7684\u8bc1\u4e66\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u914d\u7f6e\u81ea\u52a8\u7eed\u671f\u3002.<\/p>\n<p>\u6211\u4eec\u7684 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.gxcom.net\/zh\/how-to-install-ssl-certificate\/\"><strong>SSL\u8bc1\u4e66\u5b89\u88c5\u6307\u5357<\/strong><\/a> \u66f4\u8be6\u7ec6\u5730\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86 HTTPS \u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u3002.<\/p>\n<p>\u914d\u7f6e\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\uff0c\u8bf7\u9a8c\u8bc1\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u8bc1\u4e66\u6709\u6548\u671f<\/li>\n<li>\u4e3b\u673a\u540d\u8986\u76d6\u8303\u56f4<\/li>\n<li>\u8bc1\u4e66\u94fe<\/li>\n<li>HTTP \u5230 HTTPS \u7684\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411<\/li>\n<li>\u81ea\u52a8\u7eed\u8ba2<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>27. \u786e\u4fdd\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u5b89\u5168<\/h2>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u662f MySQL\u3001MariaDB\u3001PostgreSQL \u6216\u5176\u4ed6\u6570\u636e\u5e93\uff0c\u8bf7\u4e0d\u8981\u5c06\u5176\u9ed8\u8ba4\u516c\u5f00\u3002.<\/p>\n<p>\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5355\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7f51\u7ad9\u67b6\u6784\uff1a<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f \u2192 \u672c\u5730\u6570\u636e\u5e93<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u901a\u5e38\u6bd4\u4ee5\u4e0b\u65b9\u5f0f\u66f4\u53ef\u53d6\uff1a<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u4e92\u8054\u7f51 \u2192 \u516c\u5171\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7aef\u53e3<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u9700\u8981\u8fdc\u7a0b\u8bbf\u95ee\u6570\u636e\u5e93\uff0c\u8bf7\u4f7f\u7528\u9002\u5f53\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u548c\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8bbf\u95ee\u63a7\u5236\u63aa\u65bd\u5bf9\u5176\u8fdb\u884c\u9650\u5236\u3002.<\/p>\n<p>\u53e6\u8bf7\u4f7f\u7528\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u552f\u4e00\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7528\u6237<\/li>\n<li>\u96c4\u539a\u7684\u8d44\u5386<\/li>\n<li>\u6240\u9700\u7684\u6700\u4f4e\u6743\u9650<\/li>\n<li>\u5b9a\u671f\u5907\u4efd<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>28. \u9075\u5faa\u6700\u5c0f\u6743\u9650\u539f\u5219<\/h2>\n<p>\u5e76\u975e\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u90fd\u5e94\u8be5\u4ee5 root \u8eab\u4efd\u8fd0\u884c\u3002.<\/p>\n<p>\u5e76\u975e\u6bcf\u4f4d\u7528\u6237\u90fd\u9700\u8981 sudo \u6743\u9650\u3002.<\/p>\n<p>\u5e76\u975e\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8d26\u6237\u90fd\u9700\u8981\u8bbf\u95ee\u6240\u6709\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u3002.<\/p>\n<p>\u5e76\u975e\u6bcf\u4e2a\u670d\u52a1\u90fd\u9700\u8981\u76d1\u542c\u6240\u6709\u63a5\u53e3\u3002.<\/p>\n<p>\u8be5\u539f\u7406\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a <strong>\u6700\u5c0f\u6743\u9650\u539f\u5219<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>\u4ec5\u5411\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7528\u6237\u3001\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u548c\u670d\u52a1\u6388\u4e88\u5176\u6267\u884c\u4efb\u52a1\u6240\u9700\u7684\u6743\u9650\u3002.<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u6837\u53ef\u4ee5\u9650\u5236\u67d0\u4e2a\u7ec4\u4ef6\u906d\u5230\u7834\u574f\u65f6\u53ef\u80fd\u9020\u6210\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3002.<\/p>\n<h2>29. \u914d\u7f6e\u5907\u4efd<\/h2>\n<p>\u5728\u5c06\u91cd\u8981\u6570\u636e\u5b58\u5165\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u8bf7\u5148\u786e\u5b9a\u5982\u4f55\u5bf9\u5176\u8fdb\u884c\u5907\u4efd\u3002.<\/p>\n<p>\u5907\u4efd\u7b56\u7565\u53ef\u80fd\u5305\u62ec\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u7533\u8bf7\u6587\u4ef6<\/li>\n<li>\u6570\u636e\u5e93<\/li>\n<li>\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6<\/li>\n<li>\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5feb\u7167<\/li>\n<li>\u5f02\u5730\u526f\u672c<\/li>\n<li>\u591a\u4e2a\u8fd8\u539f\u70b9<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u8bf7\u52ff\u5c06\u552f\u4e00\u7684\u5907\u4efd\u4fdd\u5b58\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u53f0VPS\u4e0a\u3002.<\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3001\u8d26\u6237\u6216\u5b58\u50a8\u51fa\u73b0\u6545\u969c\uff0c\u751f\u4ea7\u6570\u636e\u548c\u5907\u4efd\u90fd\u53ef\u80fd\u540c\u65f6\u4e22\u5931\u3002.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u670d\u52a1\u5668 + \u540c\u4e00\u53f0\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\u7684\u5907\u4efd = \u5355\u4e00\u6545\u969c\u57df\u3002.<\/strong><\/p>\n<h2>30. \u6d4b\u8bd5\u5907\u4efd\u6062\u590d<\/h2>\n<p>\u5907\u4efd\u4efb\u52a1\u663e\u793a\u201c\u6210\u529f\u201d\u5e76\u4e0d\u610f\u5473\u7740\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e00\u5b9a\u80fd\u591f\u6062\u590d\u3002.<\/p>\n<p>\u5b9a\u671f\u6d4b\u8bd5\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u6587\u4ef6\u6062\u590d<\/li>\n<li>\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u6062\u590d<\/li>\n<li>\u914d\u7f6e\u6062\u590d<\/li>\n<li>\u6062\u590d\u6240\u9700\u7684\u51ed\u636e<\/li>\n<li>\u6062\u590d\u65f6\u95f4<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u521b\u5efa\u5907\u4efd\u3002.<\/p>\n<p>\u5b83\u6b63\u5728\u987a\u5229\u6062\u590d\u3002.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u5728\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6062\u590d\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u5907\u4efd \u2260 \u6062\u590d\u3002.<\/strong><\/p>\n<h2>31. \u8bbe\u7f6e\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u76d1\u63a7<\/h2>\n<p>\u4e00\u53f0\u6295\u5165\u751f\u4ea7\u7684 Linux \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0d\u5e94\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u6bcf\u5929\u6709\u4eba\u624b\u52a8\u68c0\u67e5\u5b83\u3002.<\/p>\n<p>\u81f3\u5c11\u5e94\u76d1\u63a7\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5185\u5bb9\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u53ef\u7528\u6027<\/li>\n<li>CPU \u4f7f\u7528\u7387<\/li>\n<li>\u5185\u5b58\u4f7f\u7528\u60c5\u51b5<\/li>\n<li>\u78c1\u76d8\u7a7a\u95f4<\/li>\n<li>\u78c1\u76d8I\/O<\/li>\n<li>\u7f51\u7edc\u6d41\u91cf<\/li>\n<li>\u52a0\u8f7d<\/li>\n<li>\u91cd\u8981\u670d\u52a1<\/li>\n<li>\u5907\u4efd\u72b6\u6001<\/li>\n<li>SSL\u8bc1\u4e66\u8fc7\u671f<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u8b66\u62a5\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4ee5\u4e0b\u60c5\u51b5\u7279\u522b\u6709\u7528\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u79bb\u7ebf<\/li>\n<li>\u78c1\u76d8\u7a7a\u95f4\u51e0\u4e4e\u5df2\u6ee1<\/li>\n<li>\u670d\u52a1\u5df2\u505c\u6b62<\/li>\n<li>\u5907\u4efd\u5931\u8d25<\/li>\n<li>\u8bc1\u4e66\u5373\u5c06\u8fc7\u671f<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>32. \u8c28\u614e\u91cd\u542f<\/h2>\n<p>Linux \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5e76\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u4ec5\u4ec5\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fd0\u884c\u4e86\u5f88\u957f\u65f6\u95f4\u5c31\u91cd\u65b0\u542f\u52a8\u3002.<\/p>\n<p>\u5f53\u51fa\u73b0\u6280\u672f\u539f\u56e0\u65f6\uff0c\u8bf7\u91cd\u542f\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u5fc5\u987b\u8fdb\u884c\u5185\u6838\u66f4\u65b0<\/li>\n<li>\u8ba1\u5212\u5185\u7ef4\u62a4<\/li>\n<li>\u5177\u4f53\u6545\u969c\u6392\u9664<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u5728\u91cd\u542f\u751f\u4ea7\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u8bf7\u5148\u5f04\u6e05\u695a\u54ea\u4e9b\u670d\u52a1\u5fc5\u987b\u5728\u91cd\u542f\u540e\u81ea\u52a8\u6062\u590d\u8fd0\u884c\u3002.<\/p>\n<p>\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0b\u65b9\u5f0f\u68c0\u67e5\u91cd\u8981\u670d\u52a1\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre>systemctl status SERVICE_NAME<\/pre>\n<h2>33. \u8bb0\u5f55\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u914d\u7f6e<\/h2>\n<p>\u5f53\u51e0\u4e2a\u6708\u540e\u51fa\u73b0\u6545\u969c\u65f6\uff0c\u6587\u6863\u5c31\u53d8\u5f97\u65e0\u6bd4\u5b9d\u8d35\u3002.<\/p>\n<p>\u8bb0\u5f55\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4fe1\u606f\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7528\u9014<\/li>\n<li>\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf<\/li>\n<li>\u4e3b\u673a\u540d<\/li>\n<li>\u516c\u7f51\/\u79c1\u7f51 IP \u7684\u4f5c\u7528<\/li>\n<li>\u5f00\u653e\u7aef\u53e3<\/li>\n<li>\u5df2\u5b89\u88c5\u7684\u670d\u52a1<\/li>\n<li>\u9632\u706b\u5899\u89c4\u5219<\/li>\n<li>\u5907\u4efd\u4f4d\u7f6e<\/li>\n<li>\u76d1\u63a7\u7cfb\u7edf<\/li>\n<li>DNS \u914d\u7f6e<\/li>\n<li>\u6062\u590d\u7a0b\u5e8f<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u8bf7\u52ff\u5c06\u654f\u611f\u5bc6\u7801\u6216\u79c1\u6709 SSH \u5bc6\u94a5\u5b58\u50a8\u5728\u4e0d\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u6587\u6863\u4e2d\u3002.<\/p>\n<h2>Linux \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5b89\u5168\uff1a\u5e94\u4f18\u5148\u8003\u8651\u54ea\u4e9b\u65b9\u9762\uff1f<\/h2>\n<p>\u521d\u5b66\u8005\u6709\u65f6\u4f1a\u628a\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u96c6\u4e2d\u5728\u4e00\u4e9b\u6666\u6da9\u96be\u61c2\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u5f3a\u5316\u8c03\u6574\u4e0a\uff0c\u5374\u5ffd\u7565\u4e86\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u63a7\u5236\u63aa\u65bd\u3002.<\/p>\n<p>\u4f18\u5148\u8003\u8651\u57fa\u7840\uff1a<\/p>\n<p><strong>1. PATCH<\/strong><br \/>\n\u8bf7\u53ca\u65f6\u66f4\u65b0\u8f6f\u4ef6\u3002.<\/p>\n<p><strong>2. \u8eab\u4efd\u9a8c\u8bc1<\/strong><br \/>\n\u8bf7\u4f7f\u7528\u5b89\u5168\u7684 SSH \u8eab\u4efd\u9a8c\u8bc1\u3002.<\/p>\n<p><strong>3. \u9650\u5236<\/strong><br \/>\n\u4ec5\u5f00\u653e\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u7aef\u53e3\u548c\u670d\u52a1\u3002.<\/p>\n<p><strong>4. LIMIT<\/strong><br \/>\n\u9075\u5faa\u6700\u5c0f\u6743\u9650\u539f\u5219\u3002.<\/p>\n<p><strong>5. \u5907\u4efd<\/strong><br \/>\n\u8bf7\u5c06\u53ef\u6062\u590d\u7684\u526f\u672c\u4fdd\u5b58\u5728\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e4b\u5916\u3002.<\/p>\n<p><strong>6. \u76d1\u63a7<\/strong><br \/>\n\u53ca\u65f6\u53d1\u73b0\u53d8\u5316\u6216\u6545\u969c\u3002.<\/p>\n<p>\u9ad8\u7ea7\u52a0\u56fa\u63aa\u65bd\u867d\u7136\u6709\u7528\uff0c\u4f46\u5e94\u4ee5\u6b64\u4e3a\u57fa\u7840\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u53d6\u4ee3\u8fd9\u4e9b\u57fa\u7840\u63aa\u65bd\u3002.<\/p>\n<h2>Linux \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u914d\u7f6e\u4e2d\u7684\u5e38\u89c1\u9519\u8bef<\/h2>\n<h3>\u51e1\u4e8b\u90fd\u4f7f\u7528Root\u6743\u9650<\/h3>\n<p>\u5728\u9002\u5f53\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u8bf7\u5206\u522b\u521b\u5efa\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u8d26\u6237\u548c\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8d26\u6237\u3002.<\/p>\n<h3>\u8fc7\u65e9\u7981\u7528 SSH \u8bbf\u95ee<\/h3>\n<p>\u5728\u7981\u7528\u73b0\u6709\u8bbf\u95ee\u6743\u9650\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u8bf7\u5148\u6d4b\u8bd5\u65b0\u7528\u6237\u548c SSH \u5bc6\u94a5\u3002.<\/p>\n<h3>\u5728\u5141\u8bb8 SSH \u4e4b\u524d\u542f\u7528\u9632\u706b\u5899<\/h3>\n<p>\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u8ba9\u81ea\u5df1\u88ab\u9501\u5728\u8fdc\u7a0b\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e4b\u5916\u7684\u7ecf\u5178\u505a\u6cd5\u3002.<\/p>\n<h3>\u5f00\u653e\u6240\u6709\u6e2f\u53e3<\/h3>\n<p>\u4ec5\u516c\u5f00\u9700\u8981\u5916\u90e8\u8bbf\u95ee\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u3002.<\/p>\n<h3>\u5c06 MySQL \u6216 Redis \u5bf9\u5916\u516c\u5f00<\/h3>\n<p>\u9664\u975e\u67b6\u6784\u6709\u6b64\u8981\u6c42\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u8bf7\u52ff\u5c06\u540e\u7aef\u670d\u52a1\u8bbe\u4e3a\u516c\u5f00\u3002.<\/p>\n<h3>\u5b89\u88c5\u4e86\u8fc7\u591a\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6<\/h3>\n<p>\u6bcf\u4e2a\u989d\u5916\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u90fd\u4f1a\u5e26\u6765\u7ef4\u62a4\u8d1f\u62c5\u3002.<\/p>\n<h3>\u5ffd\u7565\u65e5\u5fd7<\/h3>\n<p>\u65e5\u5fd7\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u914d\u7f6e\u6216\u5b89\u5168\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u9996\u4e2a\u8ff9\u8c61\u3002.<\/p>\n<h3>\u4ec5\u5728\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\u4fdd\u5b58\u5907\u4efd<\/h3>\n<p>\u8fd9\u5e76\u4e0d\u80fd\u9632\u6b62\u6574\u4e2a\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e22\u5931\u3002.<\/p>\n<h3>\u5047\u8bbe\u81ea\u52a8\u7eed\u8ba2\u603b\u80fd\u6b63\u5e38\u8fd0\u4f5c<\/h3>\n<p>\u76d1\u63a7 SSL \u8bc1\u4e66\u7684\u7eed\u671f\u548c\u90e8\u7f72\u3002.<\/p>\n<h3>\u5728\u627e\u51fa\u74f6\u9888\u4e4b\u524d\u5148\u5347\u7ea7\u670d\u52a1\u5668<\/h3>\n<p>\u589e\u52a0CPU\u548c\u5185\u5b58\u5e76\u4e0d\u80fd\u89e3\u51b3\u6240\u6709\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3001\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u3001\u5b58\u50a8\u6216\u7f51\u7edc\u95ee\u9898\u3002.<\/p>\n<h2>Linux \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u914d\u7f6e\u4e0e VPS \u914d\u7f6e\uff1a\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u533a\u522b\uff1f<\/h2>\n<p>\u672c VPS \u914d\u7f6e\u6307\u5357\u91cd\u70b9\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86\u5c06\u65b0\u8d2d\u4e70\u7684 VPS \u4ece\u9996\u6b21\u767b\u5f55\u5230\u5de5\u4f5c\u8d1f\u8f7d\u6b63\u5e38\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u5b8c\u6574\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002.<\/p>\n<p>Linux \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8bbe\u7f6e\u6307\u5357\u66f4\u6df1\u5165\u5730\u63a2\u8ba8\u4e86 Linux \u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u672c\u8eab\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u548c\u7ef4\u62a4\u3002.<\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u60a8\u521a\u521a\u8d2d\u4e70\u4e86\u7b2c\u4e00\u53f0VPS\uff0c\u4e0d\u59a8\u4ece\u6211\u4eec\u7684 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.gxcom.net\/zh\/%e5%a6%82%e4%bd%95%e6%90%ad%e5%bb%bavps%e6%9c%8d%e5%8a%a1%e5%99%a8\/\"><strong>\u5982\u4f55\u642d\u5efaVPS\u670d\u52a1\u5668<\/strong><\/a> \u6307\u5357\u3002.<\/p>\n<p>\u7136\u540e\uff0c\u8bf7\u53c2\u8003\u672c\u6307\u5357\u6765\u52a0\u5f3a\u5e95\u5c42\u7684 Linux \u914d\u7f6e\u3002.<\/p>\n<h2>Linux \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5e38\u89c1\u95ee\u9898\u89e3\u7b54<\/h2>\n<h3>\u5728\u65b0\u7684 Linux \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\uff0c\u6211\u5e94\u8be5\u5148\u505a\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f<\/h3>\n<p>\u5728\u90e8\u7f72\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u8bf7\u9a8c\u8bc1\u8bbf\u95ee\u6743\u9650\u3001\u66f4\u65b0\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u3001\u521b\u5efa\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u7528\u6237\u3001\u914d\u7f6e\u5b89\u5168\u7684SSH\u8bbf\u95ee\u5e76\u8bbe\u7f6e\u9632\u706b\u5899\u89c4\u5219\u3002.<\/p>\n<h3>\u6211\u5e94\u8be5\u5728 Linux \u4e0a\u7981\u7528 root \u767b\u5f55\u5417\uff1f<\/h3>\n<p>\u9650\u5236\u76f4\u63a5\u8fdc\u7a0broot\u767b\u5f55\u662f\u4e00\u9879\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u63aa\u65bd\u3002\u5728\u5b9e\u65bd\u6b64\u63aa\u65bd\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u8bf7\u786e\u8ba4\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u8d26\u6237\u5df2\u5177\u5907\u53ef\u6b63\u5e38\u4f7f\u7528\u7684SSH\u5bc6\u94a5\u8ba4\u8bc1\u548csudo\u8bbf\u95ee\u6743\u9650\u3002.<\/p>\n<h3>\u6211\u5e94\u8be5\u7981\u7528 SSH \u5bc6\u7801\u5417\uff1f<\/h3>\n<p>\u57fa\u4e8e\u5bc6\u94a5\u7684\u8eab\u4efd\u9a8c\u8bc1\u53ef\u4ee5\u51cf\u5c11\u5bf9\u5bc6\u7801\u7684\u4f9d\u8d56\u3002\u5728\u7981\u7528\u5bc6\u7801\u8eab\u4efd\u9a8c\u8bc1\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u8bf7\u6d4b\u8bd5 SSH \u5bc6\u94a5\u8bbf\u95ee\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u5e76\u786e\u4fdd\u60a8\u80fd\u591f\u8bbf\u95ee\u6062\u590d\u63a7\u5236\u53f0\u3002.<\/p>\n<h3>Linux \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u9700\u8981\u9632\u706b\u5899\u5417\uff1f<\/h3>\n<p>\u662f\u7684\u3002\u9632\u706b\u5899\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u9650\u5236\u53ef\u8bbf\u95ee\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u670d\u52a1\u8303\u56f4\u3002VPS \u548c\u4e91\u670d\u52a1\u63d0\u4f9b\u5546\u8fd8\u53ef\u80fd\u63d0\u4f9b\u5916\u90e8\u9632\u706b\u5899\uff0c\u4ee5\u8865\u5145\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u81ea\u5e26\u7684\u9632\u706b\u5899\u529f\u80fd\u3002.<\/p>\n<h3>UFW \u5bf9 Linux \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6765\u8bf4\u591f\u7528\u5417\uff1f<\/h3>\n<p>UFW \u53ef\u4e3a\u8bb8\u591a Ubuntu \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u63d0\u4f9b\u7b80\u5355\u76f4\u89c2\u7684\u4e3b\u673a\u7ea7\u9632\u706b\u5899\u7ba1\u7406\u3002\u9632\u706b\u5899\u7684\u8981\u6c42\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u7cfb\u7edf\u67b6\u6784\uff0c\u800c\u590d\u6742\u7684\u73af\u5883\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u4f7f\u7528\u5176\u4ed6\u9632\u706b\u5899\u6280\u672f\u6216\u670d\u52a1\u63d0\u4f9b\u5546\u7ea7\u522b\u7684\u63a7\u5236\u63aa\u65bd\u3002.<\/p>\n<h3>\u6211\u9700\u8981\u7528Fail2ban\u5417\uff1f<\/h3>\n<p>\u5e76\u975e\u6240\u6709\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u90fd\u9700\u8981\u6b64\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u51cf\u5c11\u91cd\u590d\u7684\u81ea\u52a8\u767b\u5f55\u5c1d\u8bd5\u3002\u5b83\u5e94\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5b89\u5168\u8ba4\u8bc1\u3001\u9632\u706b\u5899\u89c4\u5219\u548c\u76d1\u63a7\u7684\u8865\u5145\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u53d6\u4ee3\u5b83\u4eec\u3002.<\/p>\n<h3>\u6211\u5e94\u8be5\u66f4\u6539 SSH \u7aef\u53e3 22 \u5417\uff1f<\/h3>\n<p>\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fd9\u6837\u505a\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u8fd9\u6837\u505a\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u51cf\u5c11\u4e00\u4e9b\u81ea\u52a8\u626b\u63cf\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u5e72\u6270\uff0c\u4f46\u66f4\u6539\u7aef\u53e3\u5e76\u4e0d\u80fd\u66ff\u4ee3 SSH \u5bc6\u94a5\u3001\u5b89\u5168\u8ba4\u8bc1\u548c\u8bbf\u95ee\u63a7\u5236\u3002.<\/p>\n<h3>MySQL \u7684 3306 \u7aef\u53e3\u5e94\u8be5\u4fdd\u6301\u5f00\u653e\u5417\uff1f<\/h3>\n<p>\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8bb8\u591a\u5355\u670d\u52a1\u5668Web\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u7b54\u6848\u662f\u5426\u5b9a\u7684\u3002\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u672c\u5730\u4e0e\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u901a\u4fe1\uff0c\u800c\u65e0\u9700\u5c06MySQL\u76f4\u63a5\u66b4\u9732\u5728\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u4e0a\u3002.<\/p>\n<h3>Linux \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5e94\u8be5\u591a\u4e45\u66f4\u65b0\u4e00\u6b21\uff1f<\/h3>\n<p>\u5e94\u6839\u636e\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u98ce\u9669\u548c\u8fd0\u884c\u8981\u6c42\uff0c\u53ca\u65f6\u90e8\u7f72\u5b89\u5168\u66f4\u65b0\u3002\u81ea\u52a8\u5b89\u5168\u66f4\u65b0\u867d\u6709\u5e2e\u52a9\uff0c\u4f46\u4ecd\u9700\u8fdb\u884c\u76d1\u63a7\u3002.<\/p>\n<h3>\u6211\u8be5\u5982\u4f55\u5224\u65ad\u6211\u7684 Linux \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u662f\u5426\u5b89\u5168\uff1f<\/h3>\n<p>\u6ca1\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u914d\u7f6e\u80fd\u8ba9\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6c38\u4e45\u4fdd\u6301\u201c\u5b89\u5168\u201d\u3002\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6301\u7eed\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u6d89\u53ca\u66f4\u65b0\u3001\u8bbf\u95ee\u63a7\u5236\u3001\u9632\u706b\u5899\u89c4\u5219\u3001\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5b89\u5168\u3001\u76d1\u63a7\u3001\u5907\u4efd\u4ee5\u53ca\u5b9a\u671f\u5ba1\u67e5\u3002.<\/p>\n<h2>Linux \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u57fa\u672c\u914d\u7f6e\u68c0\u67e5\u6e05\u5355<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>\u2713 \u66f4\u65b0\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf<\/li>\n<li>\u2713 \u5982\u6709\u5fc5\u8981\uff0c\u8bf7\u91cd\u65b0\u542f\u52a8<\/li>\n<li>\u2713 \u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3b\u673a\u540d<\/li>\n<li>\u2713 \u914d\u7f6e\u65f6\u533a\u548c\u65f6\u95f4\u540c\u6b65<\/li>\n<li>\u2713 \u521b\u5efa\u975eroot\u7ba1\u7406\u5458<\/li>\n<li>\u2713 \u914d\u7f6e SSH \u5bc6\u94a5<\/li>\n<li>\u2713 \u9a8c\u8bc1 SSH \u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u6743\u9650<\/li>\n<li>\u2713 \u68c0\u67e5 root SSH \u8bbf\u95ee\u6743\u9650<\/li>\n<li>\u2713 \u68c0\u67e5\u5bc6\u7801\u8ba4\u8bc1<\/li>\n<li>\u2713 \u9a8c\u8bc1 SSH \u914d\u7f6e<\/li>\n<li>\u2713 \u914d\u7f6e\u9632\u706b\u5899<\/li>\n<li>\u2713 \u4ec5\u5141\u8bb8\u5fc5\u9700\u7684\u7aef\u53e3<\/li>\n<li>\u2713 \u67e5\u770b\u542c\u529b\u670d\u52a1<\/li>\n<li>\u2713 \u542f\u7528\u5b89\u5168\u66f4\u65b0<\/li>\n<li>\u2713 \u5982\u6709\u5fc5\u8981\uff0c\u8bf7\u914d\u7f6e\u66b4\u529b\u7834\u89e3\u9632\u62a4\u63aa\u65bd<\/li>\n<li>\u2713 \u9650\u5236\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7684\u66b4\u9732\u8303\u56f4<\/li>\n<li>\u2713 \u5e94\u7528\u6700\u5c0f\u6743\u9650\u539f\u5219<\/li>\n<li>\u2713 \u4e3a\u7f51\u7ad9\u914d\u7f6e HTTPS<\/li>\n<li>\u2713 \u76d1\u63a7\u78c1\u76d8\u7a7a\u95f4<\/li>\n<li>\u2713 \u76d1\u63a7\u5185\u5b58\u548c\u4ea4\u6362\u7a7a\u95f4<\/li>\n<li>\u2713 \u76d1\u63a7 CPU \u548c\u8d1f\u8f7d<\/li>\n<li>\u2713 \u67e5\u770b\u65e5\u5fd7<\/li>\n<li>\u2713 \u914d\u7f6e\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5916\u5907\u4efd<\/li>\n<li>\u2713 \u6d4b\u8bd5\u8fd8\u539f<\/li>\n<li>\u2713 \u914d\u7f6e\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\u95f4\u548c\u8d44\u6e90\u76d1\u63a7<\/li>\n<li>\u2713 \u8bb0\u5f55\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4fe1\u606f<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>\u6700\u7ec8\u5efa\u8bae<\/h2>\n<p>\u4e00\u4e2a\u53ef\u9760\u7684 <strong>Linux \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u914d\u7f6e<\/strong> \u8fd9\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u8981\u5e94\u7528\u6570\u767e\u9879\u590d\u6742\u7684\u52a0\u56fa\u8c03\u6574\u3002.<\/p>\n<p>\u4ece\u57fa\u7840\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u5e76\u6b63\u786e\u8fdb\u884c\u914d\u7f6e\u3002.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u66f4\u65b0<\/strong><br \/>\n\u2193<br \/>\n<strong>\u521b\u5efa\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u7528\u6237<\/strong><br \/>\n\u2193<br \/>\n<strong>\u5b89\u5168\u7684 SSH<\/strong><br \/>\n\u2193<br \/>\n<strong>\u914d\u7f6e\u9632\u706b\u5899<\/strong><br \/>\n\u2193<br \/>\n<strong>\u6d88\u9664\u4e0d\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u66b4\u9732<\/strong><br \/>\n\u2193<br \/>\n<strong>PATCH<\/strong><br \/>\n\u2193<br \/>\n<strong>\u8fd4\u56de<\/strong><br \/>\n\u2193<br \/>\n<strong>MONITOR<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5207\u52ff\u76f2\u76ee\u5730\u8fdb\u884c\u5b89\u5168\u8bbe\u7f6e\u8c03\u6574\u3002.<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u9650\u5236 root \u6743\u9650\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u5148\u6d4b\u8bd5\u65b0\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u3002\u5728\u7981\u7528\u5bc6\u7801\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u5148\u6d4b\u8bd5 SSH \u5bc6\u94a5\u3002\u5728\u542f\u7528\u9632\u706b\u5899\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u5148\u5141\u8bb8 SSH \u8bbf\u95ee\u3002\u5728\u5f3a\u5236\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u5148\u6d4b\u8bd5 HTTPS\u3002\u5728\u4f9d\u8d56\u5907\u4efd\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u5148\u6d4b\u8bd5\u5907\u4efd\u3002.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u5b89\u5168 \u2192 \u6d4b\u8bd5 \u2192 \u9a8c\u8bc1 \u2192 \u76d1\u63a7<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u4e00\u53f0\u914d\u7f6e\u5f97\u5f53\u7684 Linux \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u80fd\u4e3a\u60a8\u7684\u7f51\u7ad9\u6216\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u63d0\u4f9b\u66f4\u575a\u5b9e\u7684\u57fa\u7840\uff0c\u5e76\u4f7f\u4eca\u540e\u7684\u6545\u969c\u6392\u67e5\u53d8\u5f97\u8f7b\u677e\u8bb8\u591a\u3002.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u4e00\u53f0\u5168\u65b0\u7684 Linux 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